They should be all over the map depending on whether they graduated Uni before entering their current career, their GPA, whether they followed through with a career that matched their major, and how many raises they've received along the way. Some of the careers don't get very lucrative until the highest levels, Art Appraiser is like that. Also, the hourly rate isn't as important as the expected weekly take-home pay because even at the top levels a very high hourly wage doesn't do a sim much good if they are only scheduled to work a small number of hours per week.
Both the Sims Wiki and Carl's Guide offer comprehensive information about each career including the differences for those that have branches. According to the wiki, your sim is right around where they should be at Level 6 in that one.
The reason the medical career pays so well is that your sim is always on call (with a pager), has "homework" to do after every shift (read the medical journals), and often can't step outside of the house on their own time without someone getting sick all over the place and essentially expecting your good doctor to help them out.